Overview. There are three main classess of nutrients from which main derives calories. These are carbohydrates, fats and proteins. Please explain the overall pathway of theses nutrients!
There are 3 phase in starve feed cycle, they are well fed state, early fasting state, and fasting state. Please explain about each phase.
Blood circulation system. Blood circulation is most important thing that we should know, in order to understand the fate and process of our diet in our body. So, please explain:
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The function of the blood
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The composition of our blood
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Blood circulation system
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What is blood plasma?
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What do you know about acidosis and alkalosis? When is it happen?
Glucose homeostatis. What do you know about caloric homeostatis? There are five phase of glucose homeostatis. Describe and explain it clearly!
Metabolic interlationship of tissue in various nutrition and hormonal. Many of change that occur in various nutritional (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) and hormonal state of human body. Please explain clearly metabolic interlationship:
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In obesity
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During exercise
(you can use the figure of each tissue to make a simply explanation )
Metabolic interlationship of tissue in various nutrition and hormonal. Many of change that occur in various nutritional (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) and hormonal state of human body. Please explain clearly metabolic interlationship:
(you can use the figure of each tissue to make a simply explanation )
Metabolic interlationship of tissue in various nutrition and hormonal. Many of change that occur in various nutritional (carbohydrates, fats and proteins) and hormonal state of human body. Please explain clearly metabolic interlationship:
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In stress or injury
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During lactation
Clinical correlation. There are so many disease that cause of enzymes or hormones disfunction, such as:
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Protein malnutrition
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Reye’s syndrome
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Diabetes mellitus
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Galactosemia
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Obesity
Please explain clearly for each disease including normal pathway, the enzymes or hormones that involve, and it happen.
Case of Acute starvation: gluconeogenesis, lipid mobilization, ketosis, and acidosis.
An 18 years old woman who was college freshman was brought to emergency room. She was pale, dizzy, and extremely weak. Her friend related the following story:
The patient had been moderately obese when she enterd school, she was 63 inches tall, weighed 167 pounds. During her first month in campus she didn’t do well socially because of inconfident to a man. So she tried to follow the diet medication. She was advised that no effecive diet pill were available, but she told that she expect a weight loss 1-2 pons/week. So, she decided not to eat anything except fluids and vitamins. She had begun this starvation diet 8 days earlier and had taken only water, black coffee, and two multiple vitamin capsules daily. After several day, she came listless and did not wish to attend the classes. She had collapsed while taking a shower on the eight day after her fast and been rushed to hospital physical examniation revealed the odor of aceton on the patient’s breath. Urinalysis was positive for acetone but not for glucose, and the urine pH wa 5.5. her plasma glucose was 60 mg/dl and free fatty acid were 1.1 eq/mL:
Question:
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What is the status of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in this patient?
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What is the main source of plasma glucose in starvation?
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Discuss about nitrogen balance of this patient
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What is mechanism of ketosis in this case?
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What is mechanism of acidosis in this case?
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Would you expect the patient respiratory rate to be slow or rapid?
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